This study focuses on the sudden death problem of melon. It aims to identify the phytopathogenic agents and to evaluate the effect of certain fungicides and varieties. Diseased plants were collected from 3 fields in the northern and central region of Morocco. Three fungi, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Phytophthora sp., were the species most frequently isolated from the root systems of wilted melon. F. oxysporum and Phytophthora sp. were detected by morphological observation and molecular characterization while M. phaseolina was detected by microscopic observation. Field trials showed significant effects of fungicide applications on disease incidence. The disease incidence reduction was significant with an efficacy of 80%, especially with the Fluopyram fungicide. The damage in the treated elementary plots was minimal compared to the untreated plots. These results show the importance of using certain chemicals and bio-fungicides in controlling Fusarium and root rot of melon. The setting up of varietal trials allowed to compare the behavior of different varieties in the same environment with a particular fungal pressure. Results showed the importance of Fusarium 1.2 resistance in reducing the disease incidence and severity. Cultivar resistance remains therefore an optimal solution to consider in terms of control of these pathogens.