Verticillium wilt is a vascular disease caused by a soil-borne pathogen, Verticillium dahliae. It is a major disease affecting olive production worldwide. Control of this pathogen is very difficult because it can inhabit contaminated soils as microsclerotia in for many years. It is therefore necessary to urgently improve plant protection strategies through advanced monitoring technologies and methodologies. The main aim of this work was to develop a mechanistic model prototype on Verticillium dahliae in olive trees. The literature was the main source of data concerning the quantitative relationships between weather variables, the host, and the pathogen. Based on the system analysis approach, the collected data were analysed and synthesised to develop a set of mathematical equations expressing the relationships between microsclerotia germination, development, and survival as a function of temperature (C°) Additional parameters were considered such as the effect of roots on microsclerotia germination (mm) and the effect of soil moisture (%) on microsclerotia survival. In order to use the model as a predictive tool, it will be necessary to validate it by comparing the model output with real-life observations over several years. It will also be necessary to compare the control level achieved by fungicidal applications based on the model vs. those carried out according to the calendar or grower’s schedules. Once validated, the model could finally be integrated into a decision support system for olive wilt management.